{"id":164,"date":"2018-10-18T15:56:15","date_gmt":"2018-10-18T15:56:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mgv.de\/en\/?page_id=164"},"modified":"2018-11-28T10:05:53","modified_gmt":"2018-11-28T10:05:53","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mgv.de\/en\/glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap fullsize'  style='height: 272px;'  ><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-164'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3da3-b33b01c9f73df4f3613ab007b2302ad2\">\n.flex_column.av-3da3-b33b01c9f73df4f3613ab007b2302ad2{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-3da3-b33b01c9f73df4f3613ab007b2302ad2 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-jneglox4-ab0cdc6eaaeb049f850eb5d6ea287ee0'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3>Glossary<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-jnegpvui-ed25bf715551f6e81073cdb81e1aeb2d hr-short  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  hr-left'><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-kycqm-df2ac0a9d1b458b2a8837f0c2af06e79 sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kycqm-df2ac0a9d1b458b2a8837f0c2af06e79\">\n.flex_column.av-kycqm-df2ac0a9d1b458b2a8837f0c2af06e79{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:25px 25px 25px 25px;\nbackground-color:#f2f8f6;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-kycqm-df2ac0a9d1b458b2a8837f0c2af06e79 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>A<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3l84z8-c855d24323e2d75dae653cf320532e28'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1'>ACFAIL<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Signal defined in the VMEbus specification indicating an input voltage error<\/p>\n<p>ACFAIL is asserted when the input voltage (AC line voltage) fails or drops below the minimum level and thus indicates that the output voltage Vo is about to fail.<br \/>\nThe signal is implemented as an open collector output of an NPN transistor which is switched through to 0VF or -Vo (only for a limited period while Vo drops or after it has dropped) on &#8222;fail&#8220; (undervoltage at the power supply input).<br \/>\nThe ACFAIL signal always occurs in combination with the SYSRESET signal.<\/p>\n<p>See also buffer time<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3ecrvw-661de8cfefee339eea7f8ff1f993f3c4'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-2' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-2'>Adjustment range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-2' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Range of output voltages within which it is permitted to adjust Vo without compromising safety<\/p>\n<p>The adjustment range is specified either relative to the nominal output voltage (factory setting) or as an absolute value.<br \/>\nThe user can set Vo by means of a potentiometer fitted in the unit.<\/p>\n<p>(Cf. parallel connection)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3ad3tg-ec7ab462975274dafbc3c168008679ec'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-3' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-3'>Approval<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-3' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Certificate indicating compliance with standards (electrical safety) issued by an independent approval body<\/p>\n<p>For example: GS mark (German approval mark) for EN60950, UL mark for UL1950<\/p>\n<p>See also Standards<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nB<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3377v8-e4a518210126abe1e46ccaa9a335f348'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-4' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-4'>Buffer time<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-4' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Period for which Vo is guaranteed at 95% of the nominal value after the ACFAIL signal or the PF signal has been asserted (as a result of insufficient input voltage)<\/p>\n<p>The buffer time is specified for the nominal output current (nominal load) and increases for lower output loads.<\/p>\n<p>See also ACFAIL signal, PF (signal)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2yavvg-24a8a4ff9a3048b122ea90c58e013e20'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-5' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-5'>Cooling<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-5' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The dissipation of lost power (heat) from the power supply unit<\/p>\n<p>Standard units are designed to be cooled by free convection or using internal fans.<br \/>\nFree convection cooling requires that the unit is operated in an upright position and that cool air can enter the unit and warm air can escape from the unit unhindered.<br \/>\nIdeally, there should be an unobstructed flow of air from bottom to top. There should be a minimum gap of 20 mm above and below the unit.<\/p>\n<p>The orientation of units equipped with a fan is not critical. It must, however, be ensured that the fan can draw in fresh air and that the (warm) exhaust air is able to escape through the apertures provided.<\/p>\n<p>Components of the housing are often used as cooling surfaces. A gap (5 mm) between neighboring modules considerably improves cooling of the power supply unit, particularly in the case of convection cooling. The more efficient the cooling, the greater the life of a power supply unit.<\/p>\n<p>See also Temperature range<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-9qszg-d0679b8796965cc2474fc848245fea97'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-6' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-6'>Current limitation<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-6' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Limitation of the maximum output current by circuitry within the power supply unit<\/p>\n<p>The specification is a range or a typical value for the trigger point for current limitation with reference to the nominal output current Inominal. If the output current reaches the current limitation value (overload), the power supply unit reduces the output voltage.<\/p>\n<p>The behavior of the power supply units under overload conditions varies from model to model. The following variants are common:<br \/>\n\u2022 The unit continues to operate in accordance with the current limitation characteristic, even in the event of a complete short circuit. The output voltage rises again immediately when the overload condition is no longer present (e.g. the P110 model).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The power supply unit shuts down on overload. After a brief pause (0.5 &#8211; 2 s), the power supply attempts a restart. If the overload condition persists, the units shuts down again (&#8222;hiccup mode&#8220;, e.g. the P90 model)<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The power supply unit only shuts down under severe overload conditions. &#8222;Hiccup&#8220; mode only occurs if the overload is so severe that Vo is considerably (e.g. 40%) below the nominal value (e.g. the PH120 model).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2lfhrw-25893401452f920461171dc61c06da4c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-7' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-7'>Current limitation characteristic<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-7' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Curve describing the behavior of the output voltage and the output current under overload conditions (I&gt;Inominal)<\/p>\n<p>The most common variant is the &#8222;straight characteristic&#8220; where the output current remains virtually constant under overload or short-circuit conditions (e.g. the P110 model).<\/p>\n<p>See also Current limitation<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nD<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2eu50s-8fa03286ffe224e424836154a251182c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-8' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-8'>DC-OK<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-8' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>See Power good<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-26qx84-ac4e3d6a6dc4ecf4527eead0f2beec01'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-9' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-9'>Derating<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-9' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Reduction in the maximum output power which may be drawn from a unit as the ambient temperature rises<\/p>\n<p>The application must ensure that the derating specifications are adhered to. Current limitation is not implemented in such a way that it takes account of temperature.<\/p>\n<p>Example:<br \/>\n2%\/K as of +60\u00b0C means that as of an ambient temperature Ta of 65\u00b0C, the maximum output power must be reduced by 2%\/K x (65\u00b0C\u201360\u00b0C) = 10%. The output power must thus not exceed 90% of the nominal output power.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2022p8-a5c1925b179ca52cd984611e928725c8'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-10' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-10'>DIN rail<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-10' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>35mm mounting rail compliant with DIN EN50022 (material thickness 1 through 2.3 mm)<\/p>\n<p>The unit is mounted by clipping it onto the mounting rail (PH series).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nE<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1xfzcs-8844b0c0211b34a8236cfad99011ec2a'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-11' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-11'>Efficiency<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-11' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Ratio of the output power to the input power (effective power)<\/p>\n<p>The specification is the typical value at the rated input voltage and the nominal output current (nominal power). For series of units (with different output voltages), the efficiency is expressed as a range. In this case, the larger values relate to the units with higher output voltages.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1pstho-124c94121ceeaf309dd42a6ca31653ce'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-12' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-12'>EMC<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-12' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Electromagnetic compatibility<\/p>\n<p>The term EMC covers immunity and emission including flicker and harmonic currents.<\/p>\n<p>See also PFC<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1i8kkc-91f81f968533d40c108b22ce6ac7d4ab'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-13' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-13'>Emission<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-13' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Generic term for electromagnetic interference caused by a power supply unit. Interference propagates either along the conductors or by radiation and can depend on the precise conditions under which the unit is installed (cable lengths, PE connection etc.). MGV power supply units are tested under typical application conditions (power cable and load cable approx. 1 m in length) with a resistive load. See also Standards.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nF<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1dfy24-6ec2e1039de9a798e50cb195cf27e0bd'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-14' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-14'>Flicker<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-14' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Low frequency interference of the line voltage by consumers<\/p>\n<p>With luminaires or monitors, flicker manifests itself in the form of fluctuations in brightness. Flicker is caused by the inrush current while the capacitors fitted in the power supply unit are charging<br \/>\n(see also inrush current limitation) or pulsed loading of the power supply unit.<br \/>\nThreshold values in accordance with EN61000-3-3 (the &#8222;flicker standard&#8220;) are defined for both one-off and periodic events. Compliance with the threshold values laid down in EN61000-3-3 is ensured for when the power supply unit is turned on, but not when the output voltage is placed under extreme pulse loads.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1a37lw-b9c384f16a43015f751964f949800ab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-15' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-15'>Fuse<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-15' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Specification in the data sheets referring to the internal fuse of a power supply unit<\/p>\n<p>The fuse rating is designed for the maximum effective input current (lower threshold of the input voltage range , nominal output current).<br \/>\nAny specifications on external fuses (PH models) refer to automatic circuit breakers. The minimum value for the external fuse is determined by the maximum inrush current (see also inrush current limitation). A maximum value for the external fuse is required as a result of the maximum current carrying capacity of the input contacts and for approval reasons.<\/p>\n<p>Where a DC input voltage range is specified for an AC voltage unit, an external fuse rated for the maximum DC input voltage is required for DC operation.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nH<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-4efb198ca1006f6db47eca2c7671f561  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-d87g-b389225782d6d98190af486ced4a8983'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-16' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-16'>Harmonic current emissions<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-16' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Also mains feedback, Feedback from a power supply unit with an AC input into the mains supply Peak charging of the input capacitor in the power supply unit (devices without active PFC) causes the input current of a power supply unit to be pulse-shaped (small current conduction angle). This causes harmonic distortion on the powerline. See also PFC<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>I<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-viuak-1d1666d8790e1e71fb81826462b6f49f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-17' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-17'>Immunity<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-17' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Capability of a power supply unit to resist interference which influences the unit either along the conductors or as a result of electromagnetic radiation (from external sources)<\/p>\n<p>If the unit is subjected to interference of the relevant severity, it does not suffer damage and correct operation is not affected beyond what is permitted. Depending on the type of influence (e.g. failure of the line power supply), it may be permissible for the power unit to shut down.<\/p>\n<p>See also Standards.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-9sr0-cbb2ab24259fe59443a532a4376fc875'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-18' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-18'>Input voltage range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-18' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Range of input voltage values within which the unit will start up and retain data correctly<\/p>\n<p>See also Line voltage range ,Rated voltage range<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-jns2c-c7c3bbb88d6930c763dd38ad1745d859'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-19' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-19'>Inrush current limitation<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-19' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Limitation of the maximum input current at the moment the unit is switched on<\/p>\n<p>The limitation circuitry is often implemented in the form of a thermistor (NTC) in the input circuit. This is why the values for a cold start (NTC at room temperature) and for a warm start (restart after the input voltage has been switched off for 1 minute) are specified separately.<br \/>\nTypical values at the rated input voltage are specified. A spike at the start of the inrush current with a duration of only a few milliseconds is ignored. This is caused by the radio interference suppression capacitors being charged.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-f3emk-225d75d19a93a68b8868bd8b2e3ca219'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-20' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-20'>Io<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-20' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Generally used abbreviation for output current<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-7sugs-a9c0c95aa39557680bcd9effaf1560a7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-21' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-21'>IT system<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-21' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>An IT power supply system is one which is not directly earthed. A power supply unit suitable for use with an IT system (intended and designed to operate with such a supply system) is subject to stringent requirements regarding effective isolation of the primary and secondary circuits. The conducting parts of the housing must be connected to the protective earth (PE).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nL<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-5hbct0-aa26939316bc322781bb0319d906ad39'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-22' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-22'>Line regulation<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-22' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Static fluctuation of the output voltage as a result of variations in the input voltage (line voltage) while other conditions (output load, temperature) remain constant<\/p>\n<p>Line regulation is specified as a relative deviation of the output voltage over the input voltage range.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-5fkelo-e534a38f9a5b6b858f82ebfa291a4b1e'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-23' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-23'>Line voltage range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-23' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>As input voltage range, but specifically for units with AC voltage input.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-ixvys-c09a660a0f85fbb59f8bbcccc33ab068'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-24' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-24'>Load regulation<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-24' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Static fluctuation of the output voltage as a result of variations in the output load (output current) while other conditions (line voltage, temperature, loads from any other Vo) remain constant<\/p>\n<p>Load regulation is specified as the relative deviation in voltage between the no-load (or base load) condition of the output and the nominal output voltage.<br \/>\nOn units fitted with an output diode (for redundant operation), the relationship between the output voltage and the output current is shown graphically.<\/p>\n<p>See also Parallel connection<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nN<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-24  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-50m624-03709058db31f43ebfea6defbfc74b7f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-25' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-25'>Noise voltage<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-25' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>AC voltage component of the output voltage as the sum of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mgv.de\/index.php?content=glossar&amp;glossar_id=46\">ripple<\/a>\u00a0and voltage spikes in the MHz range<\/p>\n<p>The specification is a peak-to-peak value. Pulse spikes are caused by switching processes of transistors and diodes in the power supply unit which typically have a duration of around 50ns and excite damped oscillations on the output lines (periodic with the switching frequency).<br \/>\nIn real applications, the input capacitance of the consumer and the inductivity even of short connection cables (a few centimeters) drastically reduce these pulse spikes. The measured values can differ greatly depending on the way in which the measuring apparatus is set up.<\/p>\n<p>The specifications in the data sheets apply for measurements made at the output with an oscillograph with a 20 MHz bandwidth, a 1:1 probe and a ground connection with no loop. For units compliant with the Compact PCI specification, a 100nF ceramic capacitor and a 20\u00b5F electrolytic capacitor should be fitted at the measuring point.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kycqm-b6a4078cdb3dda2bc852d7bf8fcd860c\">\n.flex_column.av-kycqm-b6a4078cdb3dda2bc852d7bf8fcd860c{\n-webkit-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n-moz-border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:25px 25px 25px 25px;\nbackground-color:#f2f8f6;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div class='flex_column av-kycqm-b6a4078cdb3dda2bc852d7bf8fcd860c av_one_half  avia-builder-el-25  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_hr  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nO<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-4udjn0-affd3fdfdab5d954df249173cfa21605'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-26' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-26'>Operating temperature range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-26' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>See Temperature range<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-4rm1uk-f399c197b02cd19714fb524ebeabb85b'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-27' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-27'>Output current<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-27' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Current at the output terminals of a power supply unit (indicated by Io)<\/p>\n<p>In the order data (data sheet), the value shown under Io is the permitted range between the base load and the nominal output current (Inominal), for example 0 &#8211; 70A).<br \/>\nAs a general rule, no base load is necessary (stability at no load, Io=0A). There are a few exceptions, particularly for multiple voltage units, where a certain base load is required (Io&gt;0A).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-4l0i5g-7f16202a500c7759b87b3099d5f39d5a'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-28' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-28'>Output voltage<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-28' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Voltage at the output terminals of a power supply unit (indicated by Vo)<\/p>\n<p>The nominal output voltage (factory set) forms the basis for the order data (data sheet).<br \/>\nThe output voltage is measured directly at the output terminals or at the sense lines if the outputs use sensing technology. At MGV, all output voltages are (&lt;60V) SELV as standard. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section> <section class='av_toggle_section av-4esugc-746d968e0011c63cb57ae814cb7b6659'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-29' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-29'>Overtemperature protection<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-29' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p> Protection of the power supply unit against thermal overload If the temperature sensor in the power supply unit overheats, the unit shuts down (and restarts when it has cooled down) or the output voltage and power are reduced, depending on the model. The following are possible causes of overheating: \u2022 insufficient cooling \/ventilation \u2022 operation outside the \u2022 operation outside the a href=\u201d index.php?content=glossar&amp;glossar_id=13\u201d&gt; input voltage range or with excessive output current or power (multiple voltage units with overall power limitation)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-4adzbg-ebb2c7d44b704b9d793f32c3b7bdea98'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-30' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-30'>Overvoltage protection<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-30' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Also OVP,<br \/>\nProtection of the output voltage against overvoltage as a result of an error in the power supply unit<\/p>\n<p>If regulation of Vo fails, the output voltage is limited (by a &#8222;secondary control circuit&#8220;) in order to prevent consequential errors in the power supply unit, damage in the load circuit or &#8222;hazardous voltages&#8220; (&gt;60VDC). The specification is a value relative to the nominal output voltage or a range of absolute values. In the standard power supply units, the unit does not shut down after the secondary OVP has triggered.<br \/>\nbr&gt; Models in the DG series and increasingly models of the P and PH series also feature a shut-down function in the event of the input voltage being too great (primary overvoltage protection) in order to avoid damage to the power supply unit as a result of overvoltage (within certain limits).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nP<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-29  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-43zpys-acabe06459ddca295a54092f8c61a668'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-31' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-31'>Parallel connection<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-31' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Parallel connection of the output voltages of several units to increase power or to achieve redundancy Permission to connect outputs in parallel must be expressly included in the manufacturer\u00b4s data sheet, otherwise damage may be caused to the units (circuits with synchronous rectifiers). In such cases, parallel connection of no more three units of the same kind is allowed without consulting the manufacturer. Distributing the overall current across the outputs of the individual units is advantageous for thermal considerations and is achieved using a load share controller (with a control line between all the units) or by varying the output voltage in dependence on the load. Load regulation is approx. 4% when distribution of the current is achieved by varying the output voltage in dependence on the load. Effective current distribution can only be achieved if the output voltage of each of the individual units is set virtually identically (at nominal load). Current distribution is performed with a deviation of up to 20% of the nominal output Io. The total power consumption of all the components which are connected in parallel must be 10% below the sum of the power consumption of the individual units in order to ensure that individual units are not overloaded.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3wwar0-2471c60adbf1cb0090dd37235c0409f7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-32' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-32'>PF (signal)<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-32' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Power Fail signal<br \/>\n, Signal indicating errors in the input voltage and\/or output voltage<\/p>\n<p>It indicates that the input (line) voltage has fallen below the minimum threshold or has failed or that the output voltage Vo has dropped to typically 95% of the nominal value for Vo.<br \/>\nOn undervoltage at the input of the power supply unit or if Vo drops too low, an NPN transistor is switched to 0VF\/-Vo (only for a limited period while Vo drops or after it has dropped). If the PF signal is asserted as a result of insufficient line voltage, Vo is maintained for the duration of the buffer time.<br \/>\nThe PF signal is active (switched to 0VF\/-Vo) for 200ms &#8211; 600ms after Vo has risen (the power supply unit is switched on). In normal circumstances (rated input voltage\/no overloading of Vo) the PF signal level is typically 5V.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3q18gk-16ff1b0050766ab52eb07c0421ae8b70'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-33' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-33'>PFC<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-33' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Power Factor Correction<br \/>\n, Correction (reduction) of the input current by increasing the current conduction angle<\/p>\n<p>PFC is necessary on high-power units using AC input voltage in order to remain within the limits for harmonic current laid down in EN61000-3-2 and at the same time increases the power factor. PFC is implemented by an additional transducer stage (active) or a choke (passive).<br \/>\nThe passive solution does not ensure that the limits are adhered to if several units are used on the supply network at the same time.<\/p>\n<p>See also Harmonic current emissions.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3i8v3g-d9650fa23fef206fbbc88a067b28a7b6'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-34' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-34'>Power boost<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-34' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Increased output power as a result of increased output current available for a limited period<\/p>\n<p>In MGV units with power boost, the maximum increased output current is at least 130% (up to 150% depending on the model) of the nominal output current Io and is available for approx. 0.4s (up to 3s depending on the model).<br \/>\nDepending on the model, the power boost is only available during and immediately after startup (application of the input voltage). In newly developed units with power boost, the increased output power is also available during operation (details available on request).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3bvs6k-d9b5c489fba412fed3c941a4737fe9c5'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-35' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-35'>Power factor<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-35' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Ratio of the apparent input power to the effective input power (AC input voltage units)<\/p>\n<p>Typically 0.6 for units without PFC. Typically 0.95 for units with active PFC.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-bq3cc-4ccef6c43e3b0a9ddfeffc00180df2da'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-36' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-36'>Power factor correction<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-36' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>See PFC.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-b803w-9bda961e74c363e44aeac0de213f821a'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-37' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-37'>Power Fail (signal)<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-37' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>See PF signal.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2wexvw-c3b9a304c5e6835d0f12b473ae86037b'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-38' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-38'>Power Good (signal)<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-38' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Also DC-OK<br \/>\n, signal indicating the presence of output voltage (on units for use on mounting rails &#8211; PH series)<\/p>\n<p>An output voltage above approx. 80% of Vo is taken as &#8222;good&#8220; (e.g. &gt; approx. 19V for Vo=24V). Depending on the model, signaling is implemented either by transistor (switched through to +Vo on DC-OK) or via a relay output (all contacts floating).<br \/>\nIn newly-developed models, the unit also evaluates whether the overvoltage protection has triggered, in which case DC-OK is not asserted.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2rspbg-0f322067f17a8fdb465c51ff0a264ed3'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-39' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-39'>Power ride-through<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-39' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Also hold-up time Period for which the output voltage is still available (Vo = 95% of the nominal value) after failure of the input voltage (power failure) The power ride-through is specified as the typical value at the rated input voltage (prior to power failure) and nominal output current (nominal load) and increases in the case of lower output loads and higher input voltages.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2klxqc-cde2b19ba160b109a8d6f2e1014511ff'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-40' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-40'>Ramp-up time<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-40' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Period during the startup phase of a power supply unit between the time that Vo begins to rise and the time at which Vo reaches 95% of the nominal output voltage<\/p>\n<p>The value specified is a typical value at nominal output current without any capacitive load on the output voltage. The ramp-up time is largely independent of the input voltage.<\/p>\n<p>(Cf. Turn-on delay)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2c2pjo-5a37c824d64f1f7132177c12435a2e96'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-41' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-41'>Rated input voltage<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-41' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Nominal value for an input voltage range<\/p>\n<p>For example:<br \/>\n230VAC for a unit with a range 187 &#8230;264VAC<br \/>\n230VAC for a unit with a range 94 &#8230;264VAC<br \/>\n3x400VAC for a unit with a range 3 x 340 &#8230;550VAC<br \/>\n24VDC for a unit with a range 18 &#8230;40VDC<br \/>\n48VDC for a unit with a range 40 &#8230;80VDC<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-29pg3o-4b0251f1827d61d50317bab151b52c64'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-42' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-42'>Rated voltage range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-42' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Specification of a range of input voltages on the rating plate<\/p>\n<p>The EN60950 standard (Information technology equipment -Safety) specifies that an electrical device must remain functional within an input voltage tolerance or input voltage range (specification on the rating plate of the end device) of +6% through -10%.<br \/>\nFor this reason, the actual input voltage range (as per the data sheet) is sometimes greater than the specification on the rating plate.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-231pp8-92d20ab4b7199ccd4b2f137c52d857a7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-43' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-43'>Recovery time<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-43' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Period which elapses between the time the load changes and the time the output voltage returns to a value within the range \u00b1 1% of Vo when there is a sudden change in load<\/p>\n<p>The recovery time depends on the magnitude of the change in load (change in current).<br \/>\nFor example: &lt;0.5ms at 20 \u2013 80% means that if the current changes by between 20 % and 80 % of the nominal current, Vo returns to within a tolerance of \u00b1 1% after a maximum of 0.5ms.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-751zg-be28408d4ab7f62d98df5a012085c1b7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-44' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-44'>Redundancy<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-44' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Parallel operation of power supply units to ensure that power supply is not interrupted if one unit fails<\/p>\n<p>See also Parallel connection.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1t12oc-b63684ecaf5ffc69d8c2299ba65a965c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-45' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-45'>Ripple<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-45' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>AC voltage component of the output voltage with the switching frequency of the power supply unit (triangular or sine waveform, e.g. with 100kHz)<\/p>\n<p>Ripple is measured immediately at the output with a bandwidth of approx. 700kHz (MGV functional testing unit), since the output voltage can also be overlaid with higher frequency noise voltages. The specification is a peak-to-peak value.<\/p>\n<p>Ripple depends on the operating temperature of electrolytic capacitors in the unit. It falls as the ambient temperature rises or as the power supply unit warms up. Ripple is at its maximum immediately after the power supply unit is switched on at the lower threshold of the operating temperature range, and then falls as the unit warms up. The values in the data sheet are guaranteed as of an operating time of one minute. At room temperature or higher ambient temperatures, the value in the data sheet is achieved immediately after switching on.<\/p>\n<p>Cf. Noise voltage.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>S<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1kxuvo-7fba01d3ba0897681ec515c28086ac99'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-46' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-46'>Safety<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-46' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Safety with respect to the risk of electric shock or dangerous bodily currents (electrical safety) Standard MGV units are designed to be compliant EN60950 (&#8222;Safety of information technology equipment including electrical office machinery&#8220;) and for safety class I (with protective conductor connection). Design compliance with other standards is indicated as appropriate in the data sheet (e.g. UL60950). Units belonging to the P, PH, SPH and DG series are galvanically isolated, being fitted with double or reinforced insulation between the input and output circuits. All output voltages below 60VDC are safe to touch (SELV). Units belonging to the P, PH, SPH and DG series are designed for installation in 19-inch racks or switching cabinets. The apertures in the housing ensure optimal ventilation under typical operating conditions, but are larger than those allowed for &#8222;touchable surfaces&#8220; according to EN60950. Protection against electrical hazards in the event of accidental contact with the power supply unit and against hazards in the event of fire must be provided by the outer container. Requirements for the safe operation of electrical equipment: &#8211; Connect to a protective conductor (PE) with an adequate cross section &#8211; Install in a container which provides protection against accidental contact and fire &#8211; Operate power supply unit at an input voltage within the rated input voltage range &#8211; Adhere to the maximum total output power (units with more than one Vo) &#8211; Operate within the temperature range, observing the derating if necessary &#8211; To be operated and maintained by trained personnel only &#8211; Disconnect from power supply during installation and dismantling See also Standards.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-1f704c-2fc984f034d60c1c21a853ac4c1e7420'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-47' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-47'>SELV<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-47' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Term from the EN60950 standard<br \/>\nSELV circuit (Safety Extra Low Voltage): &#8222;A secondary circuit (output voltage) which is so designed and protected that, under normal and single fault conditions (of the power supply unit), its voltages do not exceed a safe value.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>SELV circuits are isolated from the input voltage (line voltage) by double insulation or reinforced insulation. The voltage must not exceed 60VDC (or 42.4VAC).<\/p>\n<p>See Standards, Safety.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-17j4sk-9c880376ca1911a5be120ebfbce6cdfc'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-48' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-48'>Sense line<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-48' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Control line to compensate for a drop in voltage over a load line<\/p>\n<p>If a power supply is fitted with connections for sense lines (-F, +F or 0VF, +5VF), these must always be connected to the load lines (e.g. directly at the output). One sense line must be connected between the power supply terminal -F (or 0VF) and the load line -L (or 0VL) and between the power supply terminal +F (or +IoF) and the load line +L (or +IoL).<br \/>\nOptimum load regulation is carried out between the points where the sense lines are connected to the load lines. If the sense lines are connected to the consumers, it is possible to correct a drop in voltage over the load lines.<br \/>\nA voltage drop of up to 250 mV can be corrected for each load line.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-126ojw-426ff30a8c2139779e2b2184986b6030'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-49' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-49'>Standards<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-49' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>There is a wide range of standards which define requirements on (end) devices regarding electrical safety and EMC. In the context of EMC, there are specific standards covering emission, immunity, PFC and flicker. Depending on the intended use of the end device, different standards apply. The applicability of the standards also varies from region to region. EN standards, for instance apply throughout Europe, UL standards apply in the USA, and CSA standards apply in Canada. The German VDE Directives are generally identical with the EN standards, but have different names (e.g. EN50178 = VDE0160; EN60950 = VDE0805). The following is a list of important standards for switching power supplies: EN50178: Electronic equipment for use in power installations EN55011: Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment &#8211; Radio disturbance characteristics &#8211; Limits and methods of measurement EN55022: Information technology equipment &#8211; Radio disturbance characteristics &#8211; Limits and methods of measurement EN60204: Safety of machinery &#8211; Electrical equipment of machines EN60950: Information technology equipment &#8211; Safety EN61000-3-2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 3-2: Limits &#8211; Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase) EN61000-3-3: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 3-3: Limits; Limitation of voltage changes, voltage fluctuations and flicker in public low-voltage supply systems, for equipment with rated current &lt;= 16 A per phase and not subject to conditional connection EN61000-4-2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques &#8211; Electrostatic discharge immunity test EN61000-4-3: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques; Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test EN61000-4-4: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques; Electrical fast transient\/burst immunity test EN61000-4-5: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques; Surge immunity test EN61000-4-6: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-6: Testing and measurement techniques; Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields EN61000-4-8: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) \u2013 Part 4-8: Testing and measurement techniques: Power frequency magnetic field immunity tests EN61000-4-11: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 4-11: Testing and measurement techniques &#8211; Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests EN61000-4-14: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) \u2013 Part 4-14: Testing and measurement techniques: Immunity to voltage fluctuations EN61000-4-16: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) \u2013 Part 4-16: Testing and measurement techniques: Immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency ranges 0 Hz to 150 kHz EN61000-6-2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 6-2: Generic standards: Immunity for industrial environments EN61000-6-3: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) \u2013 Part 6-3: Generic standards: Emission ENV50204: Radiated electromagnetic field from digital radio telephones &#8211; Immunity test UL508: Safety of Industrial Control Equipment or \u201cIND.CONT:EQ\u201d UL60950: Safety of Information Technology Equipment Standard MGV appliances (P, PH, SPH and DG series) comply with the requirements of the EN60950 standard (Information technology equipment &#8211; safety), whereas appliances for DIN-rail mounting (PH and SPH series) also comply with the requirements of EN50178 (Electronic equipment for use in power installations) with regard to clearance and creepage paths. Newly-developed equipment also complies with IEC60950, UL60950 and CSA22.2-60950 standards, while PH and SPH series appliances additionally comply with UL508 and CSA22.2-107 standards. A range of EMC standards define different classes and severities. Standard MGV units with line input are designed to meet EN61000-6-2: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) &#8211; Part 6-2: Generic standards: Immunity for industrial environments EN61000-6-3: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) \u2013 Part 6-3: Generic standards: Emission EN55011 Class B Limit curve for residential environments EN55022 Class B Limit curve for residential environments EN61000-3-2 Class A applies to electronic equipment with power consumption between 75 W and 1000 W (excluding PCs, monitors for PCs, televisions, lighting equipment and electrical tools) EN61000-4-2 Severity level 4 Direct contact discharge at 8kV, air discharge at 15kV EN61000-4-3 Severity level 3 Field strength: 10V\/m EN61000-4-4 Severity level 4: Coupling to mains voltage (L1-L3, N) and PE with 4kV, capacitive coupling to control wires with 2kV EN61000-4-5 Severity level 4: Coupling between mains voltage (L1-L3, N) and PE with 4kV, coupling between phase and phase or between phase and neutral conductor with 2kV, in the case of top-hat-rail appliances coupling between Vo\/signal lines and PE with 2kV EN61000-4-6 Severity level 3 Test voltage: 10V EN61000-4-11 Criterion B or C: Temporary loss of function is allowed, the unit continues to operate as intended after the test.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-w3s5g-8b228b7b86d230542e60e8da833c4cab'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-50' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-50'>SYSRESET (signal)<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-50' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Signal defined in the VMEbus specification for initialization\/reset of a computer system<\/p>\n<p>The signal is implemented as an open collector output of an NPN transistor. The signal is active (switched through to 0VF\/-Vo) for 200 &#8211; 600ms after Vo has come up (unit switched on) and 2ms after the ACFAIL signal has been asserted when a unit is switched off (line power supply interrupted) (only for a limited period while Vo drops or after it has dropped). The SYSRESET signal always occurs in combination with the ACFAIL signal.<\/p>\n<p>See also buffer time.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nT<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-35  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-rzah0-6d1c052bf2f5543e535603125974b6db'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-51' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-51'>Temperature coefficient<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-51' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Influence of the ambient temperature on the output voltage Vo<\/p>\n<p>Specifies the maximum value for the change in Vo relative to a change in the ambient temperature of 1K while other conditions (input voltage, output current) remain constant and the unit has reached thermal equilibrium. The effect of temperature can be positive or negative.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-l5pf8-e05547c0265ba7b51742793757114d32'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-52' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-52'>Temperature range<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-52' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Ambient temperature range (generally the temperature of the intake air) within which a unit can be operated safely and within specifications<\/p>\n<p>Storage temperatures -40\u00b0C through +85\u00b0C are permitted for MGV power supply units. See also Cooling, Derating , Safety<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-57mk-57f3e903ffaa645f6fe0322fc8b24e56'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-53' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-53'>Turn-on delay<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-53' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Period between application of the input voltage and the time that the output voltage rises<\/p>\n<p>The specified value is a typical value at therated input voltage. The turn-on delay depends on the load conditions.<\/p>\n<p>(Cf. Ramp-up time)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7 .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#017655;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jnegtikq-20ea269f4d9a3e29bc685a251f40cab7'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><br \/>\nV<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jnj2i71e-9c0c496f84b5ae791762fc8fdb2dac2c  avia-builder-el-37  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-78zyk-67867786be9b45c236294d852d87df63'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{Alle} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-54' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-54'>Vo<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-54' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Generally used abbreviation for output voltage<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. 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